Tlaxcala is bordered to the west by Mexico State, to the northwest by Hidalgo, and to the north, east, and south by Puebla. The state consists of 60 municipalities.
It covers an area of 1,037 square kilometers (400.4 sq mi) and is thus the smallest of Mexico's states. According to the 2005 census, Tlaxcala had a population of 1,068,207 (51.56% female, 48.44% male). it is very mountainous.
The state's main exports are textiles, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals.